Book Review: Hamlet

Aaryan Bhurtel

Introduction: “The Tragedy of Hamlet” or simply “Hamlet” is a very popular play written by Wiliam Shakespeare. Hamlet was first staged in 1609 and from the very first day, it turned out to be a very popular play. The play revolves around a prince of Denmark who is in pain due to his father’s death and to add more pain in his wounds, his widowed mother is married to his own uncle which deepens the grief. The plot of this book is completely based on Denmark with mentions about England and Norway as well. The book has exceptionally underlined the themes of murder, mystery, revenge and madness to intricately show the life of prince Hamlet. With the plot building up and new characters entering the play, it gets more interesting and ends on a high note with a dramatic end to the story. Plot: The play starts at the Elsinore Castle, Denmark where the watchmen noticed some abnormal things happening. They could see a ghost who turns out to be no one but King Hamlet who died recently. They immediately report this to Hamlet’s friend Horatio but the ghost appears again. It was at that time that they decided to tell Prince Hamlet about this. While all this was happening, inside the castle, Claudius, Hamlet’s uncle had taken over the throne and married Gertrude, (prince Hamlet’s mother and wife of the deceased king) as well. Hamlet was deeply saddened by all this, seeing his mother forget his father slowly was adding salt in his wounds. The ghost appears in front of Hamlet and reveals that it was Claudius who killed King Hamlet by pouring poison in his ears. The ghost also wanted Hamlet to take the revenge of his death. Hamlet wasn’t fully sure whether the ghost was actually his dead father or some evil energy who wanted bad of him but he still agrees to take the revenge. In order to take revenge, Hamlet has a plan in his mind. He pretends to be mad and crazy. Seeing this Claudius and Gertrude were worried about Hamlet. Polonius has a different thinking in this matter as he thinks that Hamlet might be in love with his daughter Ophelia, which he actually was but he never admitted. To find out about Claudius, Hamlet decides to invite a few actors in the castle. They were supposed to play an act which was similar to Claudius killing King Hamlet. During the play, he could notice strange behaviours expressing regrets of Claudius confirming that he actually killed King Hamlet. After that, Hamlet visits his mother to have a conversation. While talking, he thought that Claudius was hiding behind the curtains but it was Polonius and he ended up killing Polonius thinking it was Claudius. Ophelia, saddened by her father’s death, ends up drowning herself and her brother, Laertes starts hating Hamlet badly. Claudius could sense a possible problem with Hamlet’s presence. Due to this, he ends up sending Hamlet to England with two friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern with an order to kill Hamlet. Hamlet somehow manages to escape from England and return to Denmark. After returning to Denmark, he gets to know that Ophelia had died and he finally admits that he loved her. After that Hamlet ends up fighting with Claudius and Laertes and ends up dying. Gertrude dies by drinking poison. In short, the royal family of Denmark was ruined. Seeing this, Fortinbras comes and claims Denmark. Critical Analysis: Shakespeare's Hamlet is a tragedy that addresses revenge, death, and human weakness. The drama is centered around Prince Hamlet, who is attempting to avenge his father's murder by Claudius. Unlike the over-the-top revenge heroes, Hamlet delays, questioning morality and consequences along the way. This delaying makes him a very human character but also wreaks havoc, as nearly all the major characters are dead by the end of the play. One such important theme is Hamlet's indecisiveness. His "To be or not to be" soliloquy shows his thoughts on life, pain, and death. This scene showcases the philosophical aspect of the play, transforming it from a straightforward revenge tale into a contemplation about life. His fixation on death again surfaces during the graveyard scene when he sees Yorick's skull and how all humans are equal in death. Conclusion Hamlet's tragedy ends in the death of nearly all significant characters. Only after a painful journey, Hamlet finally gets his revenge on Claudius, stabbing him and forcing him to drink the poison meant for Hamlet himself. Hamlet himself is poisoned from Laertes' tainted sword, dooming him to death. Gertrude unknowingly sips the poisoned wine and dies, and Laertes makes Claudius's treachery known before he too dies from the poison. Hamlet, in his final moments, leaves the tale to be told by Horatio and his name to be remembered. The Danish monarchy is killed, and the realm is left in ruins and open. At this moment, Fortinbras of Norway arrives and claims the throne, proving that while Hamlet was successful in revenge, it cost him his life, his family, and his nation.

Our Country Nepal

Reyansh Basnet

Nepal has beautiful land,With tall mountains that proudly stand,Like Everest which is the highest peak,So tall and strong so brave and meek,Green forests and rivers wide,With many animals side to side,Lions roar Monkeys play,In the jungle everyday,I love Nepal my country dear,With every day and every year,A land of culture,joy and song,Nepal is where I belong.

बिरालो

Satwik Kunwar

बिरालो घरपालुवा जनावर हो । बिरालाहरू धेरै थरी र रङका हुन्छन् । बिरालाहरू कालो, सेतो, खैरो र टाटेपाटे आदि हुन्छन् । बिरालोको एउटा नाक, मुख, पुच्छर हुन्छ । त्यस्तै बिरालोका दुईवटा कान, आँखा हुन्छन् । यसका चारवटा खुट्टा हुन्छन् । मलाई मेरो घरमा एउटा बिरालो पाल्न मन छ।

चरा

Ritishka Chhetri

चराहरू आकासमा उड्छन् । चराहरू रङ्गीचङ्गी हुन्छन् । चराकाे अन्डाबाट हुन्छ । चराहरूले आफ्ना बचेरालाई धेरै माया गर्छन् । चराहरू साना ठुला सबै प्रकारका हुन्छन् । चराहरू विभिन्न रङका हुन्छन् । चराहरू मानिसजस्तै नहाेलान् तर धेरै नै राम्रा स्भावका हुन्छन् । हामीले चराहरूकाे संरक्षण गर्नुपर्छ । चराले विभिन्न आवाज निकाल्न सक्छ । हामीले चरालगायत अन्य पशुपन्छीकाे संरक्षण गर्नुपर्छ । चराहरू कीराफट्याङग्रा खाेजेर खान्छन् । नेपालमा विभिन्न प्रजातिका चराहरू पाइन्छन् । चराहरू चुच्चाले खान्छन् । सबै चराहरूकाे पखेटा हुन्छ । चराहरू पखेटा फिँजाएर उड्छन् ।

छायाँ

Shreevani Dhungel

समयको ले देखाउँछ हाम्रा ती अबोध पलहरूएक बालुवाको कणमा म खोजिरहन्छुएक मुट्ठी बालुवा लिादै झार्दै एक चम्किलो क्षण खोज्छु तर, खै किन भेटिँदै भेटिन्न ।बालपनका कुरा किन मन मस्तिष्कले किशोर हुँदा याद राख्दैनन् ?,कस्तो होला यो मस्तिष्क ? सुनौला पल त याद राख्नु नि ! ठुलो हुदाँ हुदैँ तिमी टाढा हुदैँ,‘म यो पछिसम्म सम्झन्छु,’ भन्ने पल नि धमिलो भयो ।तिमी त छायाँ बन्यौ, उज्यालो हुँदा अस्तित्व मेटिनेअझ अँध्यारोमा त झन् हराउनेमेरा कलिला सम्झनाको कुनामातिमी न त आवाज, न त अनुहारकेवल एक अनुभूति बन्यौ ।फेरि, कहिलेकाहीँ, निद्रामा आउँछौएक नचिनेको ठाउँमा, एक जना नचिनेकी भएर,र, म चिन्न खोज्छु , ‘के तिमी नै हौ ?’ भनेरतर तिमी मुस्कानमै हराउँछौ, कुनै पुरानो गीतझैँ ।अनि, बिहान, खाली सिरानीमा म फेरि सोच्छु के तिमी कहिल्यै थियौ त यहाँ ? कि म नै तिमी बन्न खोज्दै थिएँ ? एउटी छायाँ, जो आफैसँग बोल्छे कुन दिनको काखमा थियो त्यो मिठो हाँसो ?किन सम्झँदा पनि आवाज फुसफुसाउँछ ?के तिमीले त्यो बेलाको न्यानोपन बिर्सियौ ?कि म मात्र नै अब त्यो अनुहार सम्झन सक्दिनँ ?सम्झन्छु एउटै रुखमुनि बसेका थियौँसमयले न छोएको मन सहित र, हामी हाँसेका थियौँ त्यो हाँसो आज कहाँ गयो ?अहिले त तिमी एक पात्र हौकवितामा आउने, अनि हराउनेकहिलेकाहीँ आँसु बनेर झर्नेकहिलेकाहीँ शून्यझैँ टोलाउने ।हरेक शरदको हावा तिमी झैँ लाग्छचिसो, अस्पष्ट, तर चिनिएकोर, म झरेका पातहरूलाई सोध्न खोज्छु के उसले पनि मलाई याद गर्छे ?लेख्न खोज्छु, पानामा कलमले तिमीलाई स्पष्ट पार्ने वाक्य के होला भनेर तर, ती वाक्यहरू त मनले नै लेखेका थिएर, मनले नै मेटाइरहन्छ, बिस्तारै बिनाअनुमति ।तिमीलाई सम्झनु अब कुनै उत्सव होइनयो त पीडा बनेको छ, एक मिठो पीडाजसले मलाई तिमी झैँ बनाएको छ र, तिमीलाई म र हाम्रो यादहरूको छायाँभित्र ।हुदाँ हुदै तिमी मेरो एक छायाँ बन्यौपहिला मेरो कोमल मनको कार्यको साक्षी तर, अहिले मेरो अङ्ग, जो मेरो हर पलमा म साथ साम्य र अटल, तर मन ढुक्क पार्ने तिमी त मेरो छायाँ पो बन्यौ ।

मलाई मन पर्ने जनावर

Aayan Lamichhane

मलाई मन पर्ने जनावर कुकुर हो । कुकुरका चारवटा खुट्टा हुन्छन् । कुकुरका दुईवटा आँखा र दुईवटा कान हुन्छन् । यसकाे एउटा पुच्छर हुन्छ । कुकुर भुक्छ । कुकुरलाई हामी तिहारमा पूजा गर्छौं । कुकुर मानिसको साथी पनि हो । कुकुरलाई घरमा पनि पालिन्छ ।

Smoking and Alcoholism

Sujeev Sapkota

Smoking and alcoholism are the most popular things in the whole earth. When we smoke,the surrounding area gets polluted,the surrounding people get a bad smell etc. Smoking creates air pollution and we need to survive on that air. Due to smoking and alcoholism many people suffered through lung cancer,heart disease,stomach pain,cancer etc. Some alcohols are used in different medicines. If it is used in different medicines then only a certain amount of alcohol is used. Smoking affects our health very badly. Many people smoke saying it makes tension low. Many children smoke and drink alcohol because they are curious about the taste of it. Many people drink alcohol and smoke because of not knowing the effects. Alcohol is made from many things like apples,millet,maize,rice etc. Sometimes the people are lying on the ground because of its impact on the body and because of having it alot. After drinking a lot or smoking a lot they become aggressive and sometimes start fighting in unnecessary cases. By having a lot of alcohol and smoking a lot we may be old before their actual age which may cause tiredness,imbalance of food etc.Smoking and alcoholism cause impacts,which damage our heart,brain,lungs etc. It damages our heart and causes heart attack,heart failure etc.It damages our brain and causes brain failure which can lead us to body paralyzation or death. It damages our lungs and causes death by not taking in oxygen and lung cancer which may lead to death. Alcohol is used as decoration at many people's homes. When we drink alcohol it should be like 10ml only in the medicine. When we use alcohol or when we smoke,the alcohol or the things from which the cigarette is made gets inside our bodies and makes our body out of control by damaging the brain. When we do smoking and give birth to babies,the babies are not healthy because of smoking. Smoking affects our family too and in the locality we will be like a different person/ hated person.